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Principality of Lüneburg : ウィキペディア英語版
Principality of Lüneburg
The Principality of Lüneburg (later also referred to as ''Celle'') was a territorial division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg within the Holy Roman Empire, immediately subordinate to the emperor. It existed from 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany. The Principality was named after its first capital, Lüneburg (Lunenburg), which was ruled jointly by all Brunswick-Lüneburg lines until 1637.〔The same was true for the city of Brunswick, though mostly surrounded by the Brunswick-Lünenburg principality of Wolfenbüttel, it was not part of it. The rule as condominium provided both cities a considerable autonomy, playing off the different ducal lines against each other.〕 From 1378, the seat of the Principality was in Celle.〔 It lost its independence in 1705 when it was annexed by the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg, but retained its vote in the Reichstag as ''Brunswick-Celle''.
== Territory ==
When the Principality of Lüneburg emerged as a result of the division of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1269, the domain of the Lüneburg princes consisted of a large number of territorial rights in the region of Lüneburg, but it could not be described as a unified state because many rights were owned by other vassals of the imperial crown. Not until the acquisition of numerous counties and rights in the 13th and 14th centuries did the rulers of Lüneburg succeed in building a unified state. Following the division of the principalities of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Lüneburg between Bernard and Henry in 1409 the territorial development of the state was largely complete.〔Wolf-Nikolaus Schmidt-Salzen in ''Handbuch der niedersächsischen Landtags- und Ständegeschichte, Vol. 1, p: 135''〕 At that time, the Principality of Lüneburg included the larger part of the Lüneburg Heath and the Wendland and measured about .〔Wolf-Nikolaus Schmidt-Salzen in ''Handbuch der niedersächsischen Landtags- und Ständegeschichte, Vol. 1, p. 135ff.''〕

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